Зачет 10 класс

14.05
1.Nanotechnology p.135
2.Crime and Punishment
3.Global Warming p.124
4.A Modern Russian Hero p 150
5.Genetic Engineering p.117 (Enterprise)

Unit 9. Wieliczka Salt Mine. (7 Form)

Unit 9. Wieliczka Salt Mine.      

 

The Wieliczka Salt Mine is situated near Cracow in southern Poland. It is a popular sight with visitors, who are taken down into a hidden world of natural and man-made wonders.

     According to a legend, a princess called the Blessed Kinga, threw her ring into a salt mine in Hungary and later her ring was found in the first lump of salt, taken out of a well at Wieliczka in Poland. The fact is that for over 7 centuries salt has been mined from the rock below the town of Welieczka. It used to be dug by hand and carried up to the surface by the miners. Later horses were used to do the task. The work was dangerous and many miners were killed or injured. The constant danger made  the miners deeply religious. So, many chapels were constructed underground where church services were held. After one chapel was destroyed by fire because of the wooden statues in the mine, the miners began to carve sculptures from rock salt.

     Nowadays visitors are shown how salt was mined long ago. They can see the enormous chambers which have been dug out of the solid rock. There are many pretty green lakes, chapels with beautiful carvings, tunnels and underground caves with huge salt crystals in strange shapes.

A special attraction is the Chapel of Blessed Kinga in a chamber 100 metres underground.

7 Form (Famous People of Russia . Gagarin.)

Famous People of Russia . Gagarin.

Everybody remembers the most outstanding scientists of our country Konstantin Tsialkovsky, Sergey Korolev who studied the universe and gave the world the first flight round the Earth. We all know Yury Gagarin, the first space pilot and a real hero.

     He was born in a village near Smolensk. Yury spent his childhood in a big family. He had a sister and two brothers. In 1951 Gagarin finished a vocation school and after that a school of aviation. Then he studied at Airforce Academy in Moscow.

  Yury Gagarin made the first space flight on board the spaceship “Vostok” on the 12-th of April, 1961. He made a tour around the Earth that lasted 1 hour and 48 minutes. So, he was the first man on Earth to fly into space.

 

7 Form (Famous people of Russia. Alexander Pushkin.)

Famous  people of Russia.  Alexander Pushkin.

 

Everybody knows that the Russian nature, spirit and genius all come together in the greatest people of our land. There are many talented people in Russia- scientists, writers, composers, painters and many others who Russians can be proud of.

Firstly, I would like to mention the greatest Russian poet and writer Alexander Pushkin.

 He was born in Moscow into a family belonging to the “cream” of Moscow society. As far as I know, Pushkin received his early education at home. When he was eight, he composed his first poem but he became famous only in 1820 when he published his first poem “Ruslan and Lyudmila”. Pushkin is known   in the world as the creator of literary Russian and wrote a lot of poems. As to his political views, they were close to the “Decembrists”. Unfortunately, the poet died rather young after a duel. Alexander Pushkin was buried in Svyatogorsky Monastery near his family estate Mikhailovskoye. But we still remember him and study his best known work “Eugene Onegin” at school.

 

7 Form ( The Russians)

What are the Russians like?

 

    When foreigners think of Russians as one nation, they are mistaken as Russia is a land of over 100 nationalities so it’s difficult to describe a typical Russian. Some Russians are fair-haired with blue or grey eyes, while others are dark-haired with brown eyes.

    However, there are many things that Russian people have in common. For example, most Russians are patriots of their country. They are usually homesick when they leave Russia for a long time and they are keen supporters of traditions. Russian people keep up a lot of folk traditions based on Christianity and the Russian Orthodox Church but there are other religions in Russia too and  there are people who are non-believers.

      Like British people, Russians enjoy gardening. They grow their own fruit and vegetables in summer. Some people say that Russians can be careless and disorganized but I think that most Russians are kind-hearted, hospitable and friendly people who like receiving guests and treating them to many delicious dishes.

Form 7 Part 2. Russia. Geography.

Form 7 Part 2. Russia. Geography.

 

The capital of Russia is Moscow, one of the oldest cities in the world as it was founded in 1147 by Yuri Dolgorukiy. Now it is a big cosmopolitan city known as a cultural, economic and political centre.

Russia is the largest country in the world as it lies on two continents- Europe and Asia. It is washed by the Atlantic Ocean in the north and the Bering Sea, the Sea of Okhotsk and the Sea of Japan in the east. The Baltic Sea is in the west while the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea are in the south.

The biggest mountains are the Urals, the Altai along the border with Mongolia and the Caucasus mountains. Siberia is rich in rivers for example the Lena, the Ob and the Yenisei. Lake Baikal is the deepest lake famous for its unique scenery, plants and animals. It has the greatest supply of fresh water.

 

Form 7. Russia.

Form 7. Russia.( 2015)

I am a citizen of the Russian Federation. Russia has always been a country of mystery and attraction for foreigners. Winston Churchill once said that Russia” is a riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an  enigma“.

We, people living in Russia, love our country and are proud of it. We would like other nations to understand and love our homeland.

The official name of our country is The Republic of the Russian Federation. There are 21 republics and 65 other regions in the Russian Federation. The National Government of Russia consists of the President, the  Council of Ministers and the Federal Assembly. There are two Houses in the Federal Assembly. The lower House of the Federal Assembly is the State Duma. The upper House is the Federal Council. The Head of the Republic of the Russian Federation is the President.

The population of Russia is about 145 million people. Russia is the land of over 100 nationalities.

 

Unit 7.Working with the Sick(7 Form)

Unit 7

Working with the Sick

Different people choose different professions according to their character and interests. Professions may be prestigious and well-paid and it makes them popular with young people. Though, there are some professions which are under-paid but very important for all of us. One of such professions is a doctor.

There are various specialists in clinics and hospitals. Nurses and doctors provide patients with emergency health care. A GP is a doctor who treats patients with routine medical problems such as a cold, the flue, a sore throat and a headache. If a patient feels strong stomachache he goes to a surgeon as he may need an operation. In such cases patients are taken to hospital. Besides, a surgeon cures twisted ankles, burnt hands, broken arms, hit heads and deep cuts on fingers. If people have toothache, they usually go to a dentist to get rid of it. So , the work of any doctor is stressful but rewarding. Doctors always help people who really need it.

Every doctor dreams of having a good career ahead of him or her to be successful. Those who want to get meaningful experience can join the organization called “Doctors Without Frontiers”.

Working in Africa, the teams of doctors cure diseases which have become a major problem. So, they have been working hard to improve health care conditions in Africa. They feel useful because they have been training local people as health care workers as well.

Foreign Plural forms (10 Form)

Foreign Plural forms

These nouns have irregular plural forms. They often make their plurals according to the rules of the language they were taken from (e.g. Latin or Greek). Sometimes there is more than one plural form possible or these forms have different meanings. Always use a good dictionary when using foreign plurals. Here are some examples.

Singular	Plural
analysis	analyses
appendix	appendixes/appendices
axis	axes
basis	bases
cactus	cactuses/cacti
criterion	criteria
datum	data
diagnosis	diagnoses
index	indexes/indices
medium	mediums/media
oasis	oases
octopus	octopuses/octopi
phenomenon	phenomena
syllabus	syllabuses/syllabi
thesis	theses