10(2016-17)

For those who were absent from the lesson (the 1st part and the 3d part are in your Book, here you can find the 2nd and the last one)

EDUCATION 
                    In Russia, before going to primary school some kids attend kindergartens where they learn to communicate, to play and where they are taught pre-writing and pre-reading skills.
General education usually begins with primary or elementary school at the age of 6 or 7. As in most countries, it is compulsory for children to get primary and secondary education. Primary and secondary schools together comprise 11 years of study. The boundary between primary and secondary education in Russia is at the age of 10-11. Depending on the system, schools for this period are called gymnasia, lyceums, middle schools or colleges. The purpose of secondary education is to give common knowledge in many different school subjects, to prepare for either higher education or vocational training. To go to a higher educational institution, all applicants are required to pass the State exam on the subjects they choose, and then submit the results to the appropriate institution where they will be considered for the enrolment.
                     Higher education or post-secondary education is the third stage. It is the non-compulsory educational level following the completion of a secondary education. Colleges and universities are the main institutions that provide higher education.

School plays a key role in our education as a centre of learning. What I especially like about my school is ……….(It teaches us both academic subjects and practical skills.  Our school offers us many extra-curricular activities, including sports and several after-school clubs. We like to participate in different performances. Pupils from our school take part in district and city Olympiads and in the students’ scientific conference.I also attend (Russian and Maths)extra classes (ШТК по русскому и алгебре)

Also, ……( It is true that our school is rather well-equipped. Many classrooms have smartboards, PCs and we use laptops. Our teachers are professional. They do their best to help us study well. ) What is more,…..

          I know that all subjects are important and each demands a great deal of attention. However, my  favourite subjects are (……..and…….). I like ……because ( I have decided to be a ……, so I have to take an exam on ……to enter university. ) Also, ……(it will be a big help to me in the future/it can make me a better person as it helps build social problem, solving, decision making skills/sharpen my intellect/enrich my inner world/broaden my outlook…..)

To sum up, without being educated it’s difficult to get a good job or succeed in life. If you are well-educated, you can generally achieve what you wish.

Getting university education is essential for everyone after leaving school

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·         It`s better to continue education to get necessary knowledge  for our future profession ·         To start when you are young and do not have your own children. Besides, your parents can support you ·         At university you will be able to make good friends who share your interests ·         Being educated is the most important thing for success in one`s life ·         It makes us well rounded ·         At university you`ll learn different skills such as decision making and problem solving, so you`ll be able to figure things out to yourself. ·         You`ll have a better paying job in the future ·         You`ll have to refresh your knowledge to take State Exams again if you don`t go to university right after school

·         It`s better to start working right after leaving school to find out what your interests are to choose your future profession ·         you`ll become independent of your parents quicker ·         a higher education is the non-compulsory educational level ·         after school people don’t have any experience so it`s difficult to decide what to do ·         you can take up a new hobby, to attend clubs to make new friends ·         serve in the army

WHAT YOU CAN DO AT HOME TO HELP THE ENVIRONMENT     

There are several things you can do at home to help reduce your impact on the environment.

·         Think about packaging before you buy products. Individually-wrapped candy uses resources and generates a lot of trash, while fruits and vegetables are healthier and mean less waste.

·         Turn off lights and other electrical devices when you don’t need them. 

·         Do not waste water.

·         Recycle.

·         Encourage your parents to drive fuel-efficient cars and not to overheat their house.

·         Don’t let your pets go when you don’t want them any more. Feral pets can have a destructive impact on the local environment. Before buying a pet be sure that you are ready to take care of it. Having a pet is a responsibility.

·         Think about where the things you buy come from and how they are made. Sometimes it’s better not to buy something new, and buy it used instead. Or skip buying it altogether if it’s not necessary.

·         Get involved! Join a local environmental group that is working to make a difference. For example, mongabay has selected the following organizations as recipients of its annual conservation award, which recognizes groups that are using innovative methods for protecting forests, oceans, and other ecosystems: the Amazon Conservation Team, for its work with indigenous tribes in trying to protect the Amazon; Health in Harmony, which is helping protect rainforests in Borneo by providing health care to local communities; and WildlifeDirect, which has created a system for funding park rangers and other conservation workers at dozens of sites around the world.

·         Tell your family, friends, and relatives that you want to do more to protect the environment and why it’s important to do so. Spreading the word is very important.

Things you can do to help save rainforests:

·         Don’t buy products made from wildlife skins.

·         Don’t buy exotic pets that have been collected from the wild. You can ask pet stores whether animals are “wild-caught” or “captive bred.” “Captive bred” animals are more friendly for the environment.

·         Buy recycled paper.

·         Don’t buy wood products from rainforest countries unless you know they come from eco-friendly suppliers. A good way to know if wood is rainforest-safe is if it has a “certification label.” An example of a certification label is “FSC-certified” which means the wood comes from more responsibly managed forests. However bear in mind that no certification label is perfect, so do your research on the type of wood you are buying.

·         Learn more about rainforests and the plants and animals that live in them. Tell your friends and parents why rainforests are important.

·         Join an organization or an Internet group (Facebook has many communities) that is working to protect rainforests or wildlife.

Task 1. Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.

As soon as spring brings a new growth of bushes and berries, bears start feeding. They eat and eat. All through the spring and summer their feeding goes on. The bears build themselves up. They store food and fats that they will need in the fall when they start their long sleep.

As days grow shorter, and the temperature begins to fall, bears hunt for a sleeping place. It may be a shallow cave, or a deep crack between rocks. Some bears end up sleeping in hollow logs. Logs seem to be bears’ favourite places. Bears seem to choose small spaces. They can keep warmer in a cave that’s just large enough to hold them than in a larger cave. They often line their sleeping place with leaves and dried grass.

All through their winter naps, bears will not eat. Often they will sleep for 7 months, moving only now and then.

Task 2. Study the advertisement.

You are going to study abroad for three months and want to find a swimming pool you could attend. You’d like to get more information about this swimming pool. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five questions to find out the following:

1) location of the swimming pool 2) opening hours 3) sauna availability 4) price for 3 months 5) discounts for students You have 20 seconds to ask each question.

Task 1. Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.

Many lands that had once been swamps were drained or filled in. There are different reasons why people drained swamplands. Some were drained to fight diseases caused by insects that lived in them. Because swamps were considered unpleasant places in which to live and harmful to health, many people thought that unless they were drained the land was worthless.

Other swamps were drained to make new land. As the population grew and more land was needed, people drained swamps or filled them to make room for more farms and factories, more roads and airports.

Few people thought that it might be harmful to get rid of swamps. As swamps disappeared, other things happened. There were both more floods and more droughts than before. There were also more fires, for swamps had acted as firebreaks. Hunters noticed that there was less wild game. Wild life that once lived in the swamps was dying out, because it had no place to live.

Task 2. Study the advertisement.

You are going to visit Japan this summer and you'd like to have more information about the flights to Japan. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five questions to find out the following:

1) departure dates 2) travel time 3) return ticket price 4) discounts for students 5) buying the ticket online You have 20 seconds to ask each question.

Task 1. Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.

A hobby is an activity you enjoy doing, it is something of your choice, something unique to your taste and talent. A hobby can improve our well-being; it can give more meaning to our life. Just as physical exercise is important for the body, relaxation of the mind is also essential. In fact, studies reveal that people who cultivate themselves through such activities are less likely to suffer from anxieties, depression and other negative feelings. A hobby is the easiest way to restore your balance whenever you are over-worked or stressed. Since it is an activity of your choosing, it will always give you pleasure and help you to relax. Even if you indulge in your hobby for a short period of time, you still can feel the difference in your energy level and spirit. When you have a hobby, you will always find time for it.

Task 2. Study the advertisement.

You are considering starting breakdance lessons and now you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out about the following:

Welcome to our school of breakdance!

1) tuition fee

2) course location

3) duration of the course

4) special clothes

5) evening classes

You have 20 seconds to ask each question.

Task 2. Study the advertisement.

You are considering buying the book and now you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out about the following:

A new Cooking Book from Julia Taylor!

1) if it’s a paperback edition

2) number of illustrations

3) vegetarian dishes

4) the price

5) audio version of the book

You have 20 seconds to ask each question.

Task 2. Study the advertisement.

You are considering going on this sightseeing tour and now you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following:

London Bridges Sightseeing Tour!

1) duration of the tour

2) the starting point

3) number of bridges you’ll visit

4) the price for a group of 10

5) discounts for students

You have 20 seconds to ask each question.

Task 2. Study the advertisement.

	Make your life easier with our new kitchen unit!

You are considering buying the appliance and now you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out about the following:

1) price

2) if one can buy it online

3) number of functions

4) guarantee period

5) recipe book to go with the unit

You have 20 seconds to ask each question.

Task 1. Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.

The first maps were drawn by explorers to help them find their way home and show people where they had been. The maps showed the shape of the land, distances between places and special features such as caves and old trees. Nowadays, maps show the towns and villages, and the roads, railways, rivers and mountains. Symbols are used to show all the different things on a map and there is a key to explain what the symbols stand for.

Over the centuries, people explored most of the Earth and put together the map of the world we use today. Maps of the world or large areas are often either “political” or “physical”. The political map shows territorial borders. The purpose of the physical map is to show features of geography such as mountains, soil type or land use including roads, railroads and buildings.  

Task 2. Study the advertisement.

	Visit our new fitness club!

You are considering visiting the fitness club and now you’d like
to get more information. In
1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out about the following:

1) location

2) opening hours

3) price of the season ticket

4) if individual sessions are possible

5) swimming pool

You have 20 seconds to ask each question.

You are going to study abroad for three months and want to find a swimming pool you could attend. You’d like to get more information about this swimming pool. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five questions to find out the following:

1)                  location of the swimming pool (Where is the swimming pool located?) 2)                  opening hours (What are the opening hours? When does your swimming pool open and close? When does your swimming pool work?) 3)                  sauna availability (Is a sauna available?) 4)                  price for 3 months (How much do I have to pay for 3 months?) 5)                  discounts for students (Are there any discounts for students? Do you offer any discounts for students?) You have 20 seconds to ask each question. Eating Out ·         Why people eat out Eating out on a regular basis has become very popular. There are several reasons for that. The 1st reason is that there are a lot of restaurants and cuisines to choose from. However, the main and the most obvious reason to go out is that everyone can dress up and try excellent food. In addition, you don`t have to clean up at the end. You can celebrate different important occasions without cooking at home. ·         Where you can eat out If you plan to visit a restaurant it`s a good idea to think of a particular type of food, a price range and an atmosphere you want to find. Fast food restaurants are for young people. They attract customers with their speed, convenience and low prices. Family or casual style dining gives you a mix of classics cuisine with toppings. The highest priced type of a restaurant one can visit is a fine dining restaurant. You have to book a table in advance as such restaurants are unique. ·         Disadvantages of eating out However, some people claim that eating out has disadvantages. The meal can be over-cooked or under-cooked. There can be noisy companies at the restaurant. What is more, visiting a restaurant is much more expensive than cooking at home. ·         Your last visit to the restaurant (When,Where,With whom, Food, Service , Atmosphere, Recommendation ) http://akbaulenova.blogspot.ru/2014/12/my-last-visit-to-fast-food-restaurant-7.html?m=0 To sum up, eating out at any restaurant is very good when it doesn`t turn out into an everyday habit. ---------------------------------------------------------------

Present Perfect/Past Simple(1)

Present Perfect/Past Simple(2)

future_english.

-future-continuous.

Irregular Verbs
Irregular Verbs

Task 4. Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs:

·   give a brief description (action, location)

·   say what the pictures have in common

·   say in what way the pictures are different

·   say which kind of life you’d prefer 

·   explain why

You will speak for not more than 2 minutes. You have to talk continuously.

Friendship

         There is no denying the fact that a person can`t live in isolation. It is essential for the human being to have a friend with whom one can be sincere and outspoken. It helps a lot when you know that there is someone thoughtful of you and not indifferent to you in this vast world.

         It`s great to think that there is someone who will stand by you in any situation, someone to turn to for help and advice, who will tell you the bitter truth, if necessary.

         The more we love our friends, the less we flatter them. Remember the old saying: “A friend`s frown is better than an enemy`s smile”. True friend is someone we cherish greatly. But true friends are not so easy to come by.

         More often we make friends with people with whom we have a lot in common. It`s pleasant to spend time with someone who shares your opinion, who has the similar interests. But sometimes friends greatly differ in character. No wonder extremes meet, as they say and they combine well to form a balanced whole.